FROM TRAINING TO ENHANCED WORKPLACE
A comprehensive "how to" guide and set of tools for improving and measuring the effectiveness of your workplace training programs.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
- 1 Introduction 1
- 1.1 Training in Today's Organizations 1
- 1.2 Getting More Impact from Training 2
- 1.3 Who Will Benefit from This Book 5
- 2 Laying the Foundations 7
- 3 The Importance of the Workplace Environment 12
- 4 Two Views of Training 17
- 5 The PRACTICE Approach 20
- 5.1 What Practice Means 20
- 5.2 Procedures 23
- 5.2.1 Procedural Document Types 23
- 5.2.2 Harassment Prevention Example 24
- 5.2.3 Procedure Writing Tips 25
- 5.2.4 Inventory Management System Example 27
- 5.2.5 Lessons for Ensuring Training Impact 27
- 5.2.6 Working in Teams Example 29
- 5.3 Roles and Responsibilities 30
- 5.3.1 Thinking about Change 30
- 5.3.2 Role Description Format 30
- 5.3.3 Task, Key Result Area and Role Analysis 31
- 5.3.4 Clarifying Performance Expectations 32
- 5.3.5 Harassment Prevention Example 33
- 5.3.6 Working in Teams Example 34
- 5.4 Aids on the Job 35
- 5.4.1 From Training Program to the Job 35
- 5.4.2 Types of On-The-Job Aids 36
- 5.4.3 Examples of Application 41
- 5.5 Coaching 43
- 5.5.1 Planning for Coaching 43
- 5.5.2 The Coaching Role 44
- 5.5.3 Essential Coaching Skills 47
- 5.5.4 Examples of Application 49
- 5.6 Targets 51
- 5.6.1 Identifying Workplace Objectives 51
- 5.6.2 Examples of Application 54
- 5.6.3 Focusing Employees on the Targets 55
- 5.6.4 Defining Employee Behaviors and Learning Outcomes 57
- 5.6.5 Constructing an Impact Map 58
- 5.6.6 Defining Learning Outcomes for Individuals 60
- 5.7 Incentives 62
- 5.7.1 Internal and External Motivation 62
- 5.7.2 Using External Motivators to Maximize Skill Application 63
- 5.7.3 Principles Underpinning an Effective Incentive Scheme 65
- 5.7.4 Types of External Rewards 67
- 5.7.5 Driving Counterproductive Behaviors 69
- 5.7.6 Examples of Application 70
- 5.8 Communication 73
- 5.8.1 Formulating a Program Communication Plan 73
- 5.8.2 Communicating Effectively with Stakeholders 76
- 5.9 Engagement 78
- 5.9.1 Types of Engagement 78
- 5.9.2 Before Training 79
- 5.9.3 During Training 81
- 5.9.4 After Training 88
- 6 Integrating the Elements 94
- 6.1 Taking a Project Management Approach 94
- 6.2 Managing Small Programs 95
- 6.3 Managing Larger Programs 100
- 7 The Training Partnership 103
- 7.1 Identifying Key Stakeholders 103
- 7.2 Creating and Nurturing Partnerships 106
- 8 Evaluating Training Programs 112
- 9 Measuring Reaction 115
- 9.1 Gathering Reaction Data 115
- 9.2 Analyzing and Reporting Results 117
- 10 Measuring Learning 119
- 10.1 Trainee Assessment or Program Evaluation? 119
- 10.2 Selecting an Assessment Method 120
- 10.3 Conducting an Assessment 124
- 10.4 Selecting the Assessor and Location 126
- 10.5 Analyzing and Reporting Results 127
- 11 Measuring Behavior 129
- 11.1 Setting the Scene 129
- 11.2 Selecting Data Sources and Gathering Data 130
- 11.3 Selecting the Timing and the Evaluator 138
- 11.4 Analyzing and Reporting Results 139
- 12 Measuring Results 141
- 12.1 Why Measure Results? 141
- 12.2 Isolating the Effects of Training 142
- 12.3 Trend Line Method 147
- 12.4 Control Group Method 154
- 12.5 Matched Pairs Method 160
- 12.6 Selecting a Method 163
- 12.6.1 Method Selection Table 163
- 12.6.2 Isolating Psychological Factors 163
- 12.6.3 Measuring Intangibles 164
- 12.7 Estimating the Impact of Training 166
- 12.8 When Not to Isolate the Impact of Training 169
- 13 Measuring Return on Investment (ROI) 174
- 13.1 What Is ROI and Why Calculate ROI? 174
- 13.2 Converting Benefits to Monetary Amounts 175
- 13.3 Determining the Benefit Period 177
- 13.4 Calculating Training Program Costs 179
- 13.5 Is Training Really an Investment? 181
- 13.6 Other Methods for Calculating Financial Return 183
- 13.6.1 Benefit to Cost Ratio 183
- 13.6.2 Payback Period 183
- 13.6.3 Net Present Value 184
- 13.7 Measuring Financial Returns in Context 186
- 14 Program Evaluation Planning and Reporting 188
- 14.1 Planning for Evaluation 188
- 14.2 Reporting Evaluation Results 191
- 15 In Conclusion 194
- 16 Appendices 195
- 16.1 Guide to Appendices 195
- 16.2 Additional Resources 198
- 16.3 Appendix A – The PRACTICE Approach 199
- 16.4 Appendix B – Certificate of Completion 200
- 16.5 Appendix C – Personal Action Plan Form 201
- 16.6 Appendix D – Training and Development Plan Form 202
- 16.7 Appendix E – Program Communication Plan Form 203
- 16.8 Appendix F – Stakeholder Partnership Plan Form 204
- 16.9 Appendix G – Training Evaluation Data Collection Plan 205
- 16.10 Appendix H – Evaluation Report Communication Plan 206
- 16.11 Appendix I – Transfer of Training Checklist – Organizational Unit Program 207
- 16.12 Appendix J – Transfer of Training Checklist – Individual Employee Training 209
- 16.13 Appendix K – Training Participant Feedback Form 211
- 16.14 Appendix L – Skill Assessment Form – Individual 214
- 16.15 Appendix M – Training Transfer Survey Form 216
- 16.16 Appendix N – Training Transfer Interview Form 219
- 16.17 Appendix O – Organizational Results Survey Form 224
- 16.18 Appendix P – Training ROI Survey Form 227
- 16.19 Appendix Q – Training Program Evaluation Report 230
- 17 Bibliography 236
- 18 Index 238
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